Our model was trained on publicly available image-caption data from the
LAION400M
and
COYO700M
datasets.
Performance and Limitations
A. MLLMs Evaluation Results
In our experiments, we replaced the CLIP model in
LLaVA-NeXT
with the MLCD model to demonstrate the performance of the MLCD model in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). For the language model, we used
Qwen2.5-7B
. The evaluation results show that the modified model performs exceptionally well across multiple benchmarks, validating the effectiveness of the MLCD model within MLLMs.
Vision Tower
MLCD (ViT_L_14_336px)
CLIP (ViT_L_14_336px)
LLM
Qwen2.5-7B
Qwen2.5-7B
AI2D
76.98
73.15
ChartQA
67.84
66.52
DocVQA_val
76.46
75.21
GQA
64.17
63.31
InfoVQA_val
43.48
38.88
MMBench_cn_dev
74.83
72.51
MMBench_en_dev
76.37
74.57
MME(cognition)
432
384
MME(perception)
1598
1512
MMMU
44.30
44.20
OCRBench
531.00
525.00
POPE
88.69
88.83
ScienceQA_img
78.09
76.35
TextVQA_val
61.69
62.47
SeedBench
68.20
66.80
SeedBench_img
73.75
72.72
MMStar
50.98
48.98
B. Linear Probe Evaluation Results
This table presents the results of linear probe evaluations comparing CLIP and MLCD models on the ViT_L_14_336px architecture across various datasets. The linear probe test freezes the pre-trained model's weights and trains a linear classifier on top to assess how well the model's representations generalize to different tasks.
Dataset
MLCD (ViT_L_14_336px)
CLIP (ViT_L_14_336px)
AVG
87.15
85.35
Food101
96.21
95.90
CIFAR-10
99.36
97.90
CIFAR-100
93.69
87.40
Birdsnap
88.18
79.90
SUN397
87.96
82.20
Stanford Cars
95.16
91.50
FGVC Aircraft
86.38
71.60
Describable Textures Dataset
86.70
83.00
Oxford-IIIT Pets
96.27
95.10
Caltech-101
97.92
96.00
Flowers102
99.58
99.20
MNIST
98.67
99.20
STL-10
99.28
99.70
EuroSAT
99.06
98.10
RESISC45
95.48
94.90
GTSRB
92.32
92.40
KITTI
75.39
69.20
Country211
38.12
46.40
PatchCamelyon
88.00
85.60
UCF101
92.86
92.00
Kinetics-700
73.35
73.00
CLEVR
64.40
60.30
Hateful Memes
72.00
77.30
SST-2
76.33
80.50
ImageNet
86.10
85.40
C. Limitations
Models with higher resolution are more friendly to OCR results. We are currently training such models and will soon make them available.
Acknowledgments
We would like to express our gratitude to
Xie Yin
for her significant contributions to the experimental validation in MLLMs.
Runs of DeepGlint-AI mlcd-vit-large-patch14-336 on huggingface.co
233
Total runs
0
24-hour runs
0
3-day runs
-11
7-day runs
150
30-day runs
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