BLEU
: Measures n-gram overlap with reference translations (0-100, higher is better)
chrF
: Character-level F-score, robust for morphologically rich languages (0-100, higher is better)
SSA-COMET
: Neural metric trained for Sub-Saharan African languages, shown as percentage (0-100, higher is better) (
McGill-NLP/ssa-comet-stl
)
Usage
Quick Start
from transformers import AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM, AutoTokenizer
model_id = "dsfsi/m2m100_1.2b-nso-eng"
model = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained(model_id)
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_id)
# Set source language
tokenizer.src_lang = "ns"# Translate
text = "The mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell."
inputs = tokenizer(text, return_tensors="pt", padding=True, truncation=True, max_length=256)
# Generate with target language
forced_bos_token_id = tokenizer.get_lang_id("en")
outputs = model.generate(**inputs, forced_bos_token_id=forced_bos_token_id, max_length=256, num_beams=5)
translation = tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs, skip_special_tokens=True)[0]
print(translation)
Batch Translation
texts = [
"Climate change affects agricultural productivity.",
"The study analyzed genetic markers in the population.",
"Renewable energy sources are essential for sustainable development."
]
inputs = tokenizer(texts, return_tensors="pt", padding=True, truncation=True, max_length=256)
outputs = model.generate(**inputs, forced_bos_token_id=forced_bos_token_id, max_length=256, num_beams=5)
translations = tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs, skip_special_tokens=True)
for src, tgt inzip(texts, translations):
print(f"{src}\n→ {tgt}\n")
Training Details
Hyperparameters
Parameter
Value
Epochs
10
Batch Size
2
Learning Rate
2e-05
Training Data
Dataset
: AfriScience-MT
Domain
: Scientific abstracts and papers
Languages
: English and 6 African languages (Amharic, Hausa, Luganda, Northern Sotho, Yoruba, isiZulu)
Reproducibility
To reproduce this model:
# Clone the AfriScience-MT repository
git clone https://github.com/afriscience-mt/afriscience-mt.git
cd afriscience-mt
# Install dependencies
pip install -r requirements.txt
# Run training
python -m afriscience_mt.scripts.run_seq2seq_training \
--data_dir ./data \
--source_lang nso \
--target_lang eng \
--model_name facebook/m2m100_1.2B \
--model_type m2m100 \
--output_dir ./output \
--num_epochs 10 \
--batch_size 16 \
--learning_rate 2e-5
Limitations
Domain Specificity
: This model is optimized for scientific/academic texts and may perform poorly on colloquial or informal text.
Language Coverage
: Only supports the specific language pair indicated.
Input Length
: Maximum input length is 256 tokens; longer texts should be split into segments.
Citation
If you use this model, please cite the AfriScience-MT paper (
arXiv:2605.29741
):
@article{abdulmumin2026afriscience,
title = {AfriScience-MT: Towards Decolonizing Science in Africa through Text Translation},
author = {Abdulmumin, Idris and Gwadabe, Tajuddeen and Muhammad, Shamsuddeen Hassan and Adelani, David Ifeoluwa and Khalo, Nomonde and Ahmad, Ibrahim Said and Modupe, Abiodun and Mumm, Anina and Biyela, Sibusiso and Rabie, Michelle and Havemann, Johanna and Rei, Marek and Abbott, Jade and Marivate, Vukosi},
journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.29741},
year = {2026},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.29741}
}
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