๐ Model Fine-Tuning and Logical Alignment (Qwopus3.5-9B-coder)
As the base model of this model,
Qwopus3.5-9B-v3.5
is already a model with powerful capabilities. On this foundation,
Qwopus3.5-9B-coder
is specially optimized and fine-tuned for high-performance
๐ค Agentic Coding, complex Tool Calling, and logical reasoning.
๐ก
Why the 9B Dense Model?
We believe that the 9B dense architecture represents the perfect
"sweet spot"
for large language models. It runs seamlessly at 8-bit precision on entry-level 16GB RAM devicesโsuch as standard laptops and the Mac miniโmaking it exceptionally lightweight yet highly versatile. Without requiring expensive hardware, it allows you to achieve excellent performance paired with impressive inference speeds. Simply put,
Qwen3.5-9B is currently the best open-source model in its class.
Vision & Tool Calling Support
: This model supports visual capabilities and tool calling. To enable vision, please place the
mmproj.gguf
file from the
GGUF repository
into the same directory as the main
.gguf
file.
๐ Training Strategy
The fine-tuning process of this model deeply integrates
Trace Inversion
data augmentation technology with high-quality
Agent Traces
. This systematic approach not only strengthens the model's ability to solve complex programming tasks, but also greatly improves its logical coherence and accuracy when using various tools.
This model is designed specifically for the following goals:
๐งฉ More structured and stronger logical reasoning capabilities, reducing repetitive thinking
๐ป More powerful capabilities in code writing, debugging, and repository-level task processing
๐ More stable and accurate Tool Calling capabilities for terminal commands, file operations, and browsers
Community Release Notice
: Qwopus3.5-9B-coder is released purely as an experimental community version, aiming to explore the combination of Agent capabilities and deep reasoning, and is only for research and exploration use.
Warning
: Because this model is vertically fine-tuned for programming agents and deep reasoning, and has not undergone comprehensive general performance evaluation, its capabilities in general domains or specific non-programming tasks may suffer from Capability Decay. Users are advised to be aware of its limitations in other scenarios while exploring its core capabilities.
๐ Baseline Performance Comparison
To verify the execution efficiency and logical robustness of
Qwopus3.5-9B-coder
in actual agent scenarios, we adopted the open-source testing framework
benchlocal
.
Test Configuration
Hardware Environment
: Apple Silicon (Mac)
Inference Backend
: LM Studio / MLX / GGUF
Testing Platform
:
benchlocal
- An evaluation suite focusing on local model agent capabilities.
๐ You can see the actual inference speeds of different model formats on the same device.
๐งช Benchmark Results
1. Complex Agent Performance - HermesAgent-20
The following is the comparative performance under the HermesAgent-20 task set:
BugFind-15 is a test set containing 15 scenarios from shallow to deep, aiming to evaluate the real debugging capabilities of the model in discovering and fixing syntax, logical errors, and "trap" code in multiple programming languages through deterministic environment runtime verification.
โ๏ธ All tests were conducted with a temperature of 1 as officially recommended by qwen3.5. All errors and model issues were attempted to be regenerated twice after a test failure. If both attempts fail, it is considered a failure.
๐ All screenshots of the test interfaces have been uploaded to the image folder in the repository. Click the link below to view and verify:
๐งช Core Dataset Usage: Trace Inversion and High-Quality Agent Traces
In order to break through the "reasoning bubble" limitation of the model in actual programming and tool usage, and to endow it with real Agent behavioral capabilities, this model introduced core augmented datasets during training:
1. Reasoning Synthetic Data Combining Trace Inversion
Currently, based on public information, commercial models such as OpenAI's GPT series and Anthropic's Claude series have very clearly hidden the true internal reasoning chains of their models. For these models, what we can ultimately see in the API or front-end interface can often only be considered a highly compressed "Reasoning Bubble".
To break through this limitation, we adopted the
Trace Inversion
technology. This technology utilizes an external "surrogate model" to reconstruct a complete and logically coherent deep reasoning chain based on the "question + final answer + compressed reasoning summary" published by commercial models. The "reasoning bubble", which originally consisted of only a few sentences and logical leaps, is expanded into a high-quality deep learning trace with complete derivation, calculation, and logical verification, providing step-by-step logical learning signals for the model.
2. GLM-5.1 Agent Real Trace Data: lambda/hermes-agent-reasoning-traces
To significantly enhance the model's execution and coding capabilities in real environments, this model additionally introduced the
lambda/hermes-agent-reasoning-traces
dataset.
Data Source and Scale
: This data subset contains approximately 10,000 high-quality multi-turn Tool Calling Trajectories generated based on the ZhipuAI GLM-5.1 and kimi-4.6 models.
Real Agent Behavior
: Unlike traditional synthetic data, these samples represent real Agent conversations. Each sample not only contains the step-by-step reasoning process in the
<think>
tags, but also includes actual tool execution results (rather than fabricated outputs out of thin air).
Extensive Domain Coverage
:
Terminal & Coding
: Script writing, code debugging, environment configuration, and data processing.
Repository Tasks
: Involving real code repository work, such as bug fixes, refactoring, and code review.
Browser Automation
: Web navigation, scraping, and form filling.
Agent Tools
: Memory persistence, task delegation, skill management, etc.
By learning these Agent trajectories that contain real feedback and thoughtful processes, Qwopus3.5-9B-coder can exhibit thinking and operational modes closer to human experts when facing complex programming and system operations tasks.
๐บ๏ธ Training Pipeline Overview
The training of this model integrates a phased learning pipeline of
Trace Inversion
data augmentation technology and
high-quality Agent Trajectories data
. Its core logic lies in restoring the highly compressed "reasoning bubble" of commercial models into a deep path for learning, and combining it with real agent operational traces to comprehensively improve the model's logical reasoning and code execution capabilities.
[ ๐บ๏ธ Trace Inversion: Full Process of Data Inversion and "Attack" Distillation ]
A. Surrogate Model Training
Open Source Model (GLM-5.1 / DS-V4) โโโบ Complete Reasoning Chain โโโบ [ Qwen3-235B Compression ] โโโบ Reasoning Bubbles
โ โ
โโโโโโโโโโโโบ [ Training ] โโโโโโโโโโโ
(Base: Qwen3-4B-Instruct)
(Result: Trace-Inverter-4B)
B. Inversion Phase: "Attacking" Claude-4.7-Max
_______________________________________________________
| |
| Claude-4.7-Max API โโโบ Compressed Bubbles + Final Answer |
|_______________________________________________________|
โ
โผ
[ ๐ง Trace-Inverter-4B (Logical Reconstructor) ] โโโโโบ Synthetic CoT
โ
โผ
[ ๐งฉ Data Splicing ] โโโโโโโโโโโ (Original Prompt + Response)
(Embed the inverted chain of thought into <think> tags, and splice with the original Q&A pair for restoration)
โ
โผ
(Result: claude-opus-4.6/4.7 Inversion Set)
C. Final SFT Pipeline
___________________________________________
| |
| Base Model (Qwopus3.5-9B-v3.5) |
|___________________________________________|
โ
โผ
[ ๐ฆ Stage 1: Format Establishment and Logic Injection ] โโโโโโโโบ [ ๐ ๏ธ Stage 2: Agent Trajectories and Programming Reinforcement ]
(Integrate inverted reasoning data, stabilize thinking format) (Introduce GLM-5.1 Agent Trajectories, reinforce interaction and execution)
โ โ
โ โผ
โ __________________________________________________
โ | ๐ Hermes Agent Trace Sample Structure Breakdown (GLM-5.1) |
โ | 1. [๐ ๏ธ System] -> JSON Tool Definition |
โ | 2. [๐ค Human] -> Initial Task Instruction |
โ | โโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโ |
โ | โ ๐ Multi-turn Loop: โ |
โ | โ 3. [๐ง GPT] -> <think> Logical Reasoning/Reflection โ |
โ | โ 4. [๐ค GPT] -> Tool Call Execution Action โ |
โ | โ 5. [โ๏ธ Tool] -> Real Feedback โ |
โ | โโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโ |
โ |__________________________________________________|
โ โ
โโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโฌโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโ
โผ
___________________________________
| |
| ๐ Final Model: Qwopus3.5-9B-coder |
|___________________________________|
Because agent trajectory datasets are complex and diverse. The datasets have undergone rigorous cleaning and formatting.
๐ฏ Three-Stage Curriculum Learning
Qwopus3.5-9B-coder
adopts a phased reasoning data mixture strategy similar to Curriculum Learning, gradually increasing the difficulty and complexity of training signals:
Early Stage (Format Establishment):
Focuses on short-to-medium length reasoning samples with stable formats. The primary goal of this stage is to establish a reliable, structured new reasoning format while avoiding overwhelming the model with extreme complexity.
Middle Stage (Complexity Scaling & Multi-Teacher Distillation):
Gradually increases the proportion of complex reasoning samples from multiple teacher models.
The distillation data is sourced from more powerful models whose style distribution closely matches the base model, ensuring that the capability gap is not too wide, thereby achieving efficient learning.
Late Stage (Long-Context Reinforcement & Drift Prevention):
Reinforces reasoning capabilities in long contexts. Crucially, this stage retains
short-sample replay
to ensure the model maintains its short-context instruction-following capability and minimizes capability drift.
๐ค Collaboration & Training Details
This model is the result of continuous exploration in Agentic AI and reasoning capabilities.
โ๏ธ
Framework:
Unsloth for efficient fine-tuning
โ ๏ธ IMPORTANT
Compatibility and Deployment Notice
Tool Calling Format
: When using this model for tool calling, please ensure that you use a Prompt format and System Prompt that match the training data to activate its Agent capabilities.
Reasoning Output Extraction
: The model's thinking process is typically wrapped in
<think>
and
</think>
tags. When deploying to front-end applications, these tags may need to be parsed and hidden.
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