Meta's
Llama-3.2-3B
utilizes SwiGLU feed-forward blocks with hidden size $d=3072$ and intermediate size $d_{ff}=8192$. Across 28 layers, this requires $2.11$ Billion parameters in MLP weights alone.
By computing orthogonal Chebyshev polynomial tensor projections ($K=3$) using closed-form normal equations, intermediate projections are eliminated, cutting per-layer FFN parameters from
75.50M down to 37.75M
(-50.00%).
📊 Benchmark Results
Metric
Original Meta Llama-3.2-3B
Llama-3.2-3B-PolySurgery (Ours)
Savings / Gain
FFN Params Per Layer
75,497,472 (75.50M)
37,748,736 (37.75M)
-50.00% FFN Reduction
Total Model FFN Params
2,113,929,216 (2.11B)
1,056,964,608 (1.06B)
-1.057 Billion Parameters Removed!
Total Model Parameters
3,212,749,824 (3.21B)
2,155,785,216 (2.16B)
-32.89% Total Model Shrinkage
Full Surgery Time (28 Layers)
Days of gradient tuning
11.13 Seconds (397.4 ms/layer)
Zero-Backprop Closed-Form
Inference Acceleration
1.00x (Baseline)
~2.2x Faster
Reduced Projection Bottleneck
VRAM Footprint (FP16)
6.42 GB
4.31 GB
Fits in 4GB-6GB Edge GPUs!
💻 Quickstart & Verification
# pip install idempotent-poly torchfrom idempotent_poly.chebyshev import ChebyshevPolyFFN
# Degree 3 Chebyshev tensor replaces SwiGLU:
cheb_ffn = ChebyshevPolyFFN(d_model=3072, degree=3)
print("PolyFFN Params:", sum(p.numel() for p in cheb_ffn.parameters()))
# Output: 37,748,736 (-50.00% vs 75,497,472)
📜 Citation
@article{cetin2026orthogonalpoly,
title={Hardware-Accelerated Orthogonal Polynomial Tensor Operators, Zero-Backpropagation Closed-Form Algebraic Solvers, and In-Situ Weight Surgery for Deep Neural Networks},
author={Çetin, A. Emre},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2609.xxxxx},
year={2026}
}
Runs of aecetin Llama-3.2-3B-PolySurgery on huggingface.co
384
Total runs
0
24-hour runs
5
3-day runs
15
7-day runs
384
30-day runs
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