pplx-embed-v1: Diffusion-LM for Dense and Contextual Retrieval
pplx-embed-v1
and
pplx-embed-context-v1
are state-of-the-art text embedding models optimized for real-world, web-scale retrieval tasks.
Use
pplx-embed-v1
for independent text embedding (queries, documents, semantic search)
Use
pplx-embed-context-v1
for document chunks in RAG systems where surrounding context matters
pplx-embed-v1
and
pplx-embed-context-v1
natively produce
unnormalized
int8-quantized embeddings. Ensure that you compare them via
cosine similarity
.
Models
Model
Dimensions
Context
MRL
Quantization
Instruction
Pooling
pplx-embed-v1-0.6B
1024
32K
Yes
INT8/BINARY
No
Mean
pplx-embed-v1-4B
2560
32K
Yes
INT8/BINARY
No
Mean
pplx-embed-context-v1-0.6B
1024
32K
Yes
INT8/BINARY
No
Mean
pplx-embed-context-v1-4B
2560
32K
Yes
INT8/BINARY
No
Mean
All models are built on diffusion continued pre-trained Qwen3 at Perplexity AI.
Many modern embedding models rely on instruction tuning, where users prepend an instruction string to the text being embedded. This can yield a 2%-3% lift on benchmarks, but it also introduces prompt-selection overhead and can make indexing pipelines brittle (small instruction changes can shift embedding space). We deliberately
avoid
this requirement: you can embed the text you want to index directly, without having to choose or maintain an instruction prefix.
Usage
Via API
curl -X POST https://api.perplexity.ai/v1/embeddings \
-H "Authorization: Bearer YOUR_API_KEY" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{ "input": [ "Scientists explore the universe driven by curiosity.", "Children learn through curious exploration.", "Historical discoveries began with curious questions.", "Animals use curiosity to adapt and survive.", "Philosophy examines the nature of curiosity." ], "model": "pplx-embed-v1-4b" }'
Using SentenceTransformers
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
model = SentenceTransformer(
"perplexity-ai/pplx-embed-v1-4B",
trust_remote_code=True
)
texts = [
"Scientists explore the universe driven by curiosity.",
"Children learn through curious exploration.",
"Historical discoveries began with curious questions.",
"Animals use curiosity to adapt and survive.",
"Philosophy examines the nature of curiosity.",
]
embeddings = model.encode(texts) # Shape: (5, 2560), quantized to int8
embeddings = model.encode(texts, quantization="binary") # Shape: (5, 2560), quantized to binary
Using ONNX models
import onnxruntime as ort
from transformers import AutoTokenizer
import numpy as np
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("perplexity-ai/pplx-embed-v1-4b", trust_remote_code=True)
session = ort.InferenceSession("onnx/model.onnx")
texts = [
"Scientists explore the universe driven by curiosity.",
"Children learn through curious exploration.",
"Historical discoveries began with curious questions.",
"Animals use curiosity to adapt and survive.",
"Philosophy examines the nature of curiosity.",
]
tokenized = tokenizer(
texts,
padding=True,
truncation=True,
return_tensors="np"
)
onnx_inputs = {
"input_ids": tokenized["input_ids"].astype(np.int64),
"attention_mask": tokenized["attention_mask"].astype(np.int64),
}
# Run inference
onnx_embeddings = session.run([out.name for out in session.get_outputs()], onnx_inputs)
# ONNX produces both int8 and binary precision embeddings:
int8_embeddings = onnx_embeddings[2]
binary_embeddings = onnx_embeddings[3]
packed_embeddings = np.packbits(binary_embeddings != -1, axis=-1)
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